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(No Model.)

S. P. OANPIELD.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER FOR GAR HEATERS.

N0. 365,237. Patented June 2-1, 1887.

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STEPHEN P. CANFIELD, OF RIOHMONDVlLLE, NElV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE'HALFTO A. B. STEVENS, OF SAME PLACE.

FlRE-EXTINGUISHER FOR CAR-HEATERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,237, dated June 21,1887.

Application filed March 5,18E7. Serial No. 229,921. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, STEPHEN P. CANFIELD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Richmondville, in the county of Schoharie and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFire-Extinguishers for Oar-Heaters; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

Heretofore car-heaters have been provided with devices for extinguishingthe fires therein in case of accident to the train, which devicesusually consist of receptacles for holding an eXtinguishing-fluid, andfrom which'the fluid may flow to the interior of the heater when the earis derailed or overturned. These devices do not always prove operative,partly on account of their construction and partly on account of thematerial of which they are formed. Heretofore, though having beenconstructed so as to surround the stove, they have not been made toextend to any great distance laterally at the base. The consequence hasbeen that when the car was derailed and thrown to any abnormal position,except that wherein it would be nearly or quite on its side, only acomparatively small portion of the fluid in the reservoir would reachthe fire, and therefore the fire would not be entirely extinguished.Then, too, when the car is telescopcd or otherwise crushed, thereservoir, because of the material heretofore used in its construction,has been crushed also, and so quickly that the fluid therein containedwould run out before it had a chance to reach the fire.

By my invention I propose to remedy these defects and make theextinguishment of fires in car-heaters more certain, whether the ear orheater is completely overturned or thrown to any abnormal degree ofinclination, or whether the car is telescoped and the stove crushed.

For a full disclosure of the invention reference is to be had to thespecification and drawings, and to the claims, which indicate the novelfeatures.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in perspective a stove orcar-heater in one corner of a car with the eXtinguishing-reservoir inposition. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical central section on the line2 2. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3, and Fig. 4 is aview in detail of the draft-damper in the pipe in both plan and sideelevation.

Similar letters of reference designate the same parts in the variousviews.

A represents the car, in which is located a heater, B, of any of thewell-known types, provided with the usual smoke-pipe, G, extendingthrough the car-roof.

Around the body of the stove is a reservoir, D, of preferably annularform, and encircling the smoke-pipe is a similar reservoir, E. Thesereservoirs communicate near their upper ends with the interior of thestove and with the interior of the smoke-pipe, respectively, openings aand I) being made in the stove body and pipe for this purpose. Thereservoirs are preferably made of some flexible material-J01 example,shect-eopperso that they may collapse and eject the liquid in case thecar is telescoped, and not be ruptured by the pressure. p

In the form of apparatus shown the front of the reservoir D is left opento give access to the doors of the stove, the complete annular formbeing preserved by the pipe or connection F, which communicates with theinterior of the stove and at each end with the reservoir. Another pipe,L, also connects the two ends of the reservoir at the bottom.

The annular reservoirs provide for the low ofliquid to the fire inwhateverdirection the heater may be tilted or overturned, as they alwayshold a sufficient quantity of water above the level of the openings a bwhen the heater is out of its upright normal position.

The lower reservoir, D, extends on each side from the base of the stoveto a greater distance than the vertical height of said reservoir,(provided that the space between the stove and the sides of the car willpermit,) so that it will hold a large body of liquid with littlesurface. Violent movement of the liquid is thus prevented, and it is nottherefore liable to prematurely enter the heater and extinguish thefire. There is a further object in making the reservoir in this manner.It is to permit the controlled by the handle I. serve as adraftregulator, if desired, and per level of the liquid to rise abovethe dischargeopenings upon a comparatively slight'inclination of theheater. Of course the farther the reservoir projects laterally from theheater the greater will be its movement with relation to that of theheater. Thus if the heater is tilted so as to assume any considerabledegree of inclination it will be found that one side of the reservoirhas been raised high enough to cause the liquid to flow into thefire-chamber. This result would not be attained were the reservoir closeto the body of the heater or under it, as the heater would then have tobe almost inverted before the liquid could run from the reservoir.

The reservoir, although cut away at the front, extends beyond the frontof the stove, for the same reason that it is extended at the sides andback, so as to provide for the heater tipping backward.

The heater has a discharge pipe or chute, G, which extends through thefloor of the car and is provided with a weighted valve, H, Said valvemay init the escape of steam generated from the extinguishing-liquidwhen it enters the firechainber.

The smoke pipe 0, preferably made of heavy boiler-iron, is securelyfastened to the canroof, so that in case of accident it will not bedisplaced, but will remain in position above the stove and serve as aconduit to direct the liquid in the reservoir E to the fire in theheater.

The extinguishing-fluid may be water or other liquid, or anysemi-liquid.

The tanks or reservoirs are provided with the usual filling-orifices,discharge tubes, and water-gages.

The smoke-pipe is provided with a pivoted damper, K, having a hingedsection, I, that opens upward, so that if the damper be closed any steamformed from the extinguishingliquid in the stove may lift the sectionand escape to the atmosphere without entering the car.

The doors of the stove are fitted as near steam-tight as possible, sothat there will be no outlet for the steam, except through thesmoke-pipe or the ash-chute G.

stove, of a reservoir in open communication with the interior of thestove and formed of flexible material, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a stove, of a reservoir surrounding the sameand communicating therewith on every side, the base of saidreservoirextending a greater distance from the base of the stove than thevertical height of the reservoir, substantially as described. p

3. The combination, with a stove, of a reservoir surrounding the sameand open at the front, said reservoir having a pipe extending from oneside thereof to the other across the front of the stove and incommunication with its fire-chamber, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a heater having a pipe or fine leadingtherefrom, of an annular reservoir surrounding said pipe and locatedentirely above the stove, said reservoir being of smaller diameter atthe top than at the bottom and in eommunicationwith the interior of thepipe, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a stove having an escape flue, of a reservoircommunicating with the interior of said stove, and a pivoted valve inthe escape-flue, said valve being formed of two unequal parts hinged toeach other at their edges, the pivots of the valve being located on thelarger part and at the center of the damper, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I attix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

S. P. OANFIELD.

Witnesses: V

CHAS. O. NORTON, A. P. STEWARD.

